Đề 12 – Bài tập, đề thi trắc nghiệm online Văn học Anh – Mỹ

Postmodern literature is characterized by its skepticism towards grand narratives, its self-awareness (metafiction), and playful experimentation with genre, form, and language, often questioning the nature of reality and representation itself.

Postcolonial literature critically examines the lasting effects of colonialism on formerly colonized nations and peoples, exploring themes of identity, displacement, and cultural hybridity.

`The Scarlet Letter′ is a work of American Romanticism∕Dark Romanticism, focusing on Puritan society and themes of sin and guilt, whereas the other options are characteristic of Southern Gothic, exploring the grotesque, decaying South.

`The Great Gatsby′ by F. Scott Fitzgerald is a quintessential Jazz Age novel, portraying the extravagance and moral ambiguities of the 1920s, and exploring the themes of wealth, dreams, and disillusionment through the enigmatic figure of Jay Gatsby.

`Paradise Lost′ by John Milton is considered an epic poem due to its grand scale, elevated style, and treatment of profound themes like the fall of man and the nature of good and evil. `Beowulf′ is also an epic, but `Paradise Lost′ is explicitly asked for in terms of English literature in the context of the answers given.

Virginia Woolf is renowned for her masterful use of stream-of-consciousness, a narrative style that seeks to depict the flow of thoughts and feelings in a character′s mind, evident in works like `Mrs. Dalloway′.

Robert Browning is master of the dramatic monologue, a poetic form where a single speaker reveals their character and psychology through their speech in a specific situation, exemplified by poems like `My Last Duchess′.

`Walden′ by Henry David Thoreau is a key work of American Transcendentalism and Romanticism. It celebrates nature, self-reliance, and individual conscience, advocating for a simple life and resistance to unjust laws, embodying Romantic ideals.

`Pride and Prejudice′ by Jane Austen is a social satire that critiques the societal expectations placed upon women in 19th-century England, focusing on marriage as a primary goal and the importance of social status.

Arthur Miller′s plays are known for their sharp social criticism and exploration of the American Dream′s failures, family dynamics, and moral dilemmas, as seen in `Death of a Salesman′ and `The Crucible′.

The Renaissance, spanning roughly from the 15th to 17th centuries, marked a period of significant cultural and intellectual flourishing in England, heavily influenced by classical antiquity and humanistic ideals, setting the stage for later literary developments.

A sonnet is a 14-line poem, usually in iambic pentameter, with a defined rhyme scheme. Shakespearean and Petrarchan sonnets are two prominent forms, each with distinct rhyme structures.

New Criticism is a formalist approach to literary analysis that emphasizes close reading and textual analysis. It focuses on the text itself, disregarding authorial intention, historical context, or reader response, seeking meaning within the work′s formal elements and language.

`Measure for Measure′ is classified as a problem play because it grapples with morally ambiguous situations and complex social issues, defying easy categorization as purely tragedy or comedy.

Transcendentalism was a philosophical and literary movement that championed the inherent goodness of both people and nature, advocating for intuition and individual experience over societal conformity and traditional doctrines.

The `Lost Generation′ writers, such as Hemingway and Fitzgerald, were marked by their disillusionment and alienation following WWI, reflecting a loss of faith in traditional values and societal structures.

Aristotelian tragedy involves the downfall of a protagonist, usually of high social standing, due to a flaw (hamartia) or external forces, evoking pity and fear in the audience, leading to catharsis.

Feminist criticism analyzes literature through the lens of gender, focusing on how texts represent women, gender roles, and power relations between genders, often challenging patriarchal perspectives.

Dystopian fiction typically explores negative utopias, warning against totalitarian regimes, the suppression of individual liberties, and the dangers of unchecked power and social control.

William Faulkner created the fictional Yoknapatawpha County as the setting for many of his works, including `The Sound and the Fury′ and `As I Lay Dying′, to examine the complexities of Southern history, race relations, and social decline.

Dramatic irony occurs when the audience possesses knowledge that a character or narrator lacks, creating a discrepancy between what is said and what is actually understood by the audience.

Blank verse is defined as unrhymed poetry written in iambic pentameter, a meter consisting of ten syllables per line, alternating unstressed and stressed syllables, and is commonly used in dramatic and narrative poetry.

The Harlem Renaissance was a flourishing of African American artistic and intellectual life during the 1920s and 1930s, centered in Harlem, New York City, celebrating Black culture and identity.

Realism in literature sought to portray life as it was, focusing on ordinary people and everyday situations, often depicting social issues and the lives of the working class with accuracy and objectivity.

Modernist literature, emerging in the early 20th century, broke away from traditional literary conventions, experimenting with narrative form, stream of consciousness, and focusing on individual perception and the fragmented nature of modern life.

The Age of Reason, or Enlightenment, valued rationality, logic, and empirical observation, influencing literature to emphasize reason, order, and clarity, moving away from emotionalism and superstition.

Magical realism is a genre where magical or fantastical elements are seamlessly integrated into an otherwise realistic setting, blurring the lines between the real and the supernatural, often exploring cultural myths and beliefs.

The Byronic hero, named after Lord Byron, is a Romantic archetype characterized by his rebellious nature, emotional intensity, and brooding demeanor. Often flawed, isolated, and passionate, he is nonetheless captivating and defies societal norms.

The Theatre of the Absurd, exemplified by playwrights like Samuel Beckett, is characterized by its rejection of traditional dramatic structures, presenting illogical plots, nonsensical language, and themes of meaninglessness and the human condition in a chaotic universe.

Emily Dickinson is famous for her distinctive poetic style, characterized by slant rhyme, dashes, and unusual capitalization, often exploring profound themes of death, immortality, and the natural world.